It depends on what you want to use the water for. Usually the shallow wells have a problem with flow volume. If you dig deeper, it's usually not a problem. However, the deeper the water is, the longer
that water has been in the aquifer. Generally speaking, the longer the water that has been in the aquifer, the longer it has been exposed to minerals, salts, oils, radioactivity, and those types of things that can make the quality poor. The reverse is true for bacteria and diseases. The deeper the well is drilled, the less likely you'll have those types of things in the water. Also generally speaking, the shallower the well is drilled, the shorter the lifespan and volume of the water supply will be.
The difference in well depth is simply finding where the water is. If you live in an area where the aquifer is 500 feet deep, that's how deep you get to drill to get it. Not all areas will even have water in them. Where I drill the area is made of limestone and ranges between 200 feet and 1200 feet deep.
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